Ukulawulwa kwe-pH kwama-Silicone Hip Pads: Ukuhlaziywa Okuphelele kanye Nomhlahlandlela Osebenzayo

Emakethe yomhlaba wonke yanamuhla, ama-silicone hip pad athandwa ngabathengi abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo ezihlukile, njengokuthungwa okuthambile nokukhululekile, ukuqina okuhle nokuqina, kanye nokuqina kwamakhemikhali okuhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, emikhiqizweni enjalo, inani le-pH liyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokulawula ikhwalithi, esingahlobene nje kuphela nokusebenza kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yomkhiqizo, kodwa futhi esihlobene eduze nempilo nokuphepha kwabathengi. Ngakho-ke, lesi sihloko sizohlola isihloko sokulawulwa kwe-pHama-silicone hip padsngokujulile, futhi uchaze kabanzi ngakho kusukela ezicini eziningi ukusiza izinkampani ezihambisanayo kanye nabathengi baqonde kangcono futhi baqonde lesi sixhumanisi esibalulekile.

I. Incazelo kanye nokubaluleka kwenani le-pH
(I) Incazelo
Inani le-pH liyinani elisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa amandla e-acidity noma i-alkalinity yesisombululo, futhi ububanzi baso buvame ukuba phakathi kuka-0 no-14. Inani le-pH elingu-7 alithathi hlangothi, elingaphansi kuka-7 liyi-acidic, kanti elikhulu kuno-7 liyi-alkali.
(II) Ukubaluleka
Umthelela ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo: Uma inani le-pH le-silicone hip pad lingafanele, lingabangela ukuthi izakhiwo zalo zomzimba ziwohloke, njengokuqina okubuthakathaka kanye nokuqina okushintshile, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte induduzo kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yomkhiqizo. Isibonelo, uma inani le-pH liphezulu kakhulu noma liphansi kakhulu, izinto ze-silicone zingase zibhekane nokusabela kwamakhemikhali, okuholela ezinguqukweni esakhiweni sangaphakathi, okuthi kamuva kuthinte ukuqina kwayo.
Umthelela empilweni yabathengi: Inani le-pH yesikhumba somuntu livame ukuba ne-asidi encane, ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-4.5 no-6.5. Uma inani le-pH le-silicone hip pad lidlula leli banga kakhulu, lingabhubhisa ibhalansi ye-asidi-base yesikhumba, licasule isikhumba, libangele ukungezwani komzimba, ukulunywa, ukubomvu nokuvuvukala nezinye izimpawu zokungakhululeki, futhi lingabangela ngisho nezifo zesikhumba. Ikakhulukazi kwabanye abantu abanesikhumba esibucayi, umthelela usobala kakhulu.
Ukuhlangabezana nemithethonqubo nezindinganiso: Emazweni amaningi nasezifundeni, kunemithethonqubo nezindinganiso ezifanayo zokunciphisa uhla lwe-pH lwemikhiqizo ethintana nomzimba womuntu, kufaka phakathi ama-silicone hip pads, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komkhiqizo kanye nokuvikelwa kwempilo yabathengi. Isibonelo, imithethonqubo efanele ye-EU inemithethonqubo eqinile mayelana nezinkomba zekhwalithi njengenani le-pH lemikhiqizo ye-silicone. Uma imikhiqizo ifuna ukungena emakethe ye-EU, kumele ihlangabezane nalezi zidingo.

2. Izici ezithinta inani le-pH enqubweni yokukhiqizwa kwama-silicone hip pads
(I) Izinto zokusetshenziswa
Inani le-pH lezinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ye-silicone ngokwazo: Izinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ye-silicone ezahlukene zingase zibe namanani ahlukene e-pH okuqala ngenxa yokwehluka kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, ubumsulwa nezinye izici. Ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ye-silicone ezingakaphathwa ngokugcwele zingase zibe nenani elincane lokungcola okune-asidi noma kwe-alkaline, okuzothinta inani le-pH lomkhiqizo wokugcina.
Ama-Filler: Ekukhiqizweni kwama-silicone hip pads, amanye ama-filler avame ukungezwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo, njengokunciphisa izindleko nokukhulisa amandla. Uma i-filler ingaphathwa kahle noma iqukethe izinto ezincibilikayo ze-asidi ne-alkaline, izokhishwa ku-silica gel futhi ishintshe inani le-pH le-silica gel. Isibonelo, uma amanye ama-calcium carbonate fillers equkethe ukungcola okwengeziwe, angase asabelane nezingxenye eziku-silicone raber ukuze akhiqize izinto ze-alkaline, okuholela ekwandeni kwenani le-pH.
(II) Inqubo yokukhiqiza
Inqubo yokuxuba: Uma irabha ye-silicone ixutshwa nezinye izingxenye ezifana nama-filler, uma inganele noma ingalingani, ingabangela ukungalingani kwesilinganiso sezingxenye zendawo, okuthinta inani le-pH. Isibonelo, uma i-filler ingahlakazeki ngokulinganayo ku-matrix yerabha ye-silicone futhi ukuhlushwa kwe-filler kwezinye izindawo kuphakeme kakhulu, kuzoba lula ukukhipha izinto ezine-acidic ne-alkaline futhi kushintshe inani le-pH lendawo.
Inqubo ye-Vulcanization: I-Vulcanization iyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ye-silicone. Izinto ezifana nohlobo kanye nenani le-vulcanizer, kanye nokushisa nesikhathi se-vulcanization, zinomthelela enanini le-pH. Amanye ama-vulcanizer angakhiqiza imikhiqizo engaphansi kwe-acidic noma ye-alkaline ngesikhathi sokusabela kwe-vulcanization. Uma le mikhiqizo engaphansi kwe-voltage ingasuswa noma ingasuswa ngendlela efanele futhi ephumelelayo, izohlala ku-silicone hip pad futhi ithinte inani layo le-pH. Isibonelo, lapho kusetshenziswa ama-peroxide e-organic njenge-vulcanizer, ezinye izinto ezingaphansi kwe-acid zingakhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusabela kwe-vulcanization. Uma ukwelashwa okulandelayo kungafanele, inani le-pH lomkhiqizo lizoba liphansi.
Ukuhlanza kanye nokucubungula ngemuva: Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, amanye amakhemikhali angase ahlale phezu kwe-silicone hip pad, njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ezingaphenduliwe, ama-vulcanizer, izithasiselo, njll. Uma lezi zinsalela zingasuswa ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokuhlanza kanye nokucubungula ngemuva, zizokhishwa kancane kancane ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo futhi zishintshe inani le-pH lomkhiqizo. Isibonelo, uma ezinye izithasiselo eziqukethe amaqembu e-alkaline zingahlanzwa, inani le-pH le-silicone hip pad lizoba yi-alkaline.

3. Ukunqunywa kwenani le-pH le-silicone hip pad
(I) indlela yemitha ye-pH
Isimiso: Imitha ye-pH iyithuluzi elivame ukusetshenziswa ekulinganiseni ubumuncu kanye ne-alkalinity yesisombululo. Inquma inani le-pH ngokulinganisa umsebenzi wama-ion e-hydrogen esixazululweni. Isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo sihlanganisa i-electrode yokubhekisela kanye ne-electrode yenkomba. Lapho ama-electrode ecwiliswa esixazululweni esilinganisiwe, kuzovela umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwama-electrode amabili. Lo mehluko ongaba khona uhlobene nenani le-pH lesisombululo. Lo mehluko ongaba khona ulinganiswa yi-potentiometer bese uguqulwa ube inani le-pH lokubonisa.
Izinyathelo zokusebenza:
Okokuqala, linganisa imitha ye-pH, sebenzisa izixazululo ezijwayelekile ze-buffer (njenge-pH = 4.00, 6.86, 9.18, njll.) ukuze ubeke futhi ulinganise ithuluzi ukuqinisekisa ukunemba kwemiphumela yokulinganisa.
Ngemuva kwalokho, isampula ye-silicone hip pad icutshungulwa ngendlela ethile. Ngokuvamile ingasikwa ibe yizicucu bese ifakwa emanzini acwengekile isikhathi esithile (njengamahora angama-24) ukuze kuncibilikiswe ngokuphelele izinto ezincibilikayo kujeli ye-silica ukuze kwakheke i-extract.
Thela okukhishwe okulungisiwe ebhodleleni elihlanzekile, cwilisa i-electrode yemitha ye-pH esixazululweni, bese ubhala phansi inani le-pH ngemva kokuba ukufundwa kuzinze.
(II) Indlela yokuhlola iphepha le-pH
Isimiso: Iphepha lokuhlola i-pH liyiphepha lokuhlola elilula le-acid-base elinesendlalelo se-index esakhiwe yingxube yezinkomba eziningi. Lapho iphepha lokuhlola lithinta isixazululo esizohlolwa, i-index izosabela nama-ion e-hydrogen noma ama-ion e-hydroxide esixazululweni, ngaleyo ndlela ishintshe umbala. Ngokuqhathanisa nekhadi elijwayelekile le-colorimetric, ububanzi be-pH besisombululo bunganqunywa ngokushesha nangokuqondile.
Izinyathelo zokusebenza:
Khipha iphepha lokuhlola i-pH, futhi uqaphele ukuthi ungathinti indawo yokuhlola yephepha lokuhlola ngqo ngezandla zakho ukuze ugweme ukungcolisa iphepha lokuhlola.
Sebenzisa induku yengilazi noma idropha ukuze uthathe inani elincane le-extract ye-silicone hip pad bese uliphonsa endaweni yokuhlola yephepha lokuhlola.
Qhathanisa umbala wephepha lokuhlola nekhadi elijwayelekile le-colorimetric bese ufunda inani le-pH ngaphakathi kwesikhathi esibekiwe (ngokuvamile imizuzwana engama-30 - umzuzu o-1). Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukunemba nokunemba kwendlela yephepha lokuhlola i-pH kuphansi kakhulu, futhi ingasetshenziswa kuphela ekwahluleleni okulinganiselwe kwenani le-pH. Emikhiqizweni ye-silicone hip pad enezidingo eziphezulu ze-pH, kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela yemitha ye-pH ukuze kunqunywe ngokunembile.

4. Indlela yokulawula inani le-pH lama-silicone hip pads
(I) Ukulawulwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe
Khetha izinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ye-silicone esezingeni eliphezulu: Thenga izinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ye-silicone enemithombo ezinzile kanye nekhwalithi ethembekile, bese ulawula ngokuqinile izinkomba zobumsulwa kanye nekhwalithi yezinto zokusetshenziswa. Hlola inqwaba ngayinye yezinto zokusetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani layo le-pH lihlangabezana nezidingo, bese uzama ukukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ye-silicone eziphathwe ngokukhethekile futhi ezinokuqukethwe okuphansi kokungcola ukuze unciphise umthelela wazo enanini le-pH lomkhiqizo wokugcina.
Ukwelashwa Kwama-filler Ngaphambi Kokwelashwa: Kwama-filler adinga ukungezwa, kufanele kwenziwe ukwelashwa okwanele kwangaphambi kokwelashwa, njengokwelashwa kokomisa, ukwelashwa kokuguqulwa kwendawo, njll. Susa umswakama kanye nokungcola kuma-filler ukuze kuvinjelwe ekukhipheni izinto ezine-acidic kanye ne-alkaline ku-silica gel. Isibonelo, ama-calcium carbonate filler omiswa ngokubhaka okushisa okuphezulu ukuze kususwe umswakama kanye nokungcola okuthile okuguquguqukayo. Ama-surfactant angasetshenziswa ukuguqula indawo yama-filler ukuze kuncishiswe inani lamaqembu asebenzayo ebusweni bawo futhi kuncishiswe amathuba okusabela nge-silicone raber, ngaleyo ndlela kuqiniswe inani le-pH lomkhiqizo.
(II) Ukulungiswa kwenqubo yokukhiqiza
Lungiselela inqubo yokuxuba: Qinisekisa ukuthi irabha ye-silicone kanye nama-filler kanye nezinye izingxenye zixutshwe ngokugcwele nangokulinganayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxuba. Lungisa ngokufanele amapharamitha enqubo njengesikhathi sokuxuba, izinga lokushisa kanye nesivinini ukuze ama-filler ahlakazeke ngokulinganayo ku-matrix yerabha ye-silicone ukuze ugweme izinguquko ze-pH ezibangelwa ukungalingani kwezingxenye zendawo. Isibonelo, indlela yokuxuba ehlukanisiwe isetshenziswa ukuxuba irabha ye-silicone kanye nengxenye yesigcwalisi kuqala, bese ufaka kancane kancane isigcwalisi esisele nezinye izithako, uhlanganise ngokugcwele, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye zisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo.
Lawula ngokunembile inqubo yokuxuba i-vulcanization: Ngokusho kwezinto ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa zerabha ye-silicone kanye nezidingo zomkhiqizo, khetha uhlobo olufanele kanye nenani le-vulcanizer, bese ulawula ngokuqinile izinga lokushisa nesikhathi se-vulcanization. Ngemva kokuthi ukusabela kwe-vulcanization sekuqediwe, thatha izinyathelo ezifanele zokususa noma ukuqeda imikhiqizo engaphansi kwe-acidic ne-alkaline ekhiqizwayo. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa ama-vulcanizer e-organic peroxide, inani le-pH lomkhiqizo lingalungiswa ngokungeza inani elifanele le-acidic noma i-alkaline neutralizer, ulifake ku-silica gel esigabeni sakamuva se-vulcanization, bese usabela ngemikhiqizo engaphansi kwe-acid ekhiqizwayo ukuze kuvinjelwe umkhiqizo.
Qinisa ukuhlanza nokucubungula ngemva kokucubungula: Ngemva kokuqedwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-silicone hip pad, sebenzisa izindlela zokuhlanza ezisebenzayo, njengokuhlanza kaningi ngamanzi amaningi ahlanzekile, ukuhlanza nge-ultrasonic, njll., ukuze ususe ngokuphelele amakhemikhali asele ebusweni nangaphakathi komkhiqizo. Bese wenza ukucubungula okufanele ngemva kokucubungula, njengokomisa nokwelapha ukuguga. Izinga lokushisa nesikhathi kufanele kulawulwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokomisa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama wangaphakathi womkhiqizo ususiwe ngokuphelele ukuze kugwenywe ithonya lomswakama osele enanini le-pH; ukwelashwa kokuguga kungenza isakhiwo sangaphakathi sejeli ye-silica sizinze kakhulu futhi kunciphise ushintsho lwenani le-pH ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okulandelayo.
(III) Engeza isilawuli se-pH
Umlawuli we-asidi: Uma inani le-pH le-silicone hip pad liphezulu, inani elifanele lomlawuli we-asidi lingangezwa ukuze kwehliswe inani le-pH. Umlawuli we-asidi ovame ukusetshenziswa uhlanganisa i-citric acid, i-acetic acid, i-phosphoric acid, njll. Lezi zinto ezi-acidic zinganciphisa izingxenye ze-alkaline kujeli ye-silica futhi zenze inani le-pH lifinyelele ebangeni elifanele. Isibonelo, engeza ingxenye ethile yesisombululo se-citric acid engxubeni yejeli ye-silica, uvuselele bese uxuba kahle, bese uyivumela ukuthi isabelane nezinto ze-alkaline kujeli ye-silica ukuze kuncishiswe inani le-pH lomkhiqizo.
Umlawuli we-alkaline: Uma inani le-pH le-silica gel hip pad liphansi, kuyadingeka ukwengeza umlawuli we-alkaline ukuze kwandiswe inani le-pH. Umlawuli we-alkaline ovamile uhlanganisa i-sodium hydroxide, i-potassium hydroxide, i-sodium carbonate, njll. Kodwa-ke, uma ufaka umlawuli we-alkaline, naka inani nendlela yokwengeza, ngoba izinto eziningi ze-alkaline zingaba nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwe-silica gel, njengokubangela imifantu ebusweni be-silica gel kanye namandla anciphile. Ngokuvamile, umlawuli we-alkaline ungalungiswa ube yisisombululo samanzi esinomthamo othile, bese ufafazwa ngokulinganayo noma ucwiliswe ebusweni be-silica gel hip pad ukuze uyinciphise ngezingxenye ze-acidic ku-silica gel ukuze kufezwe inhloso yokulungisa inani le-pH.

5 Indawo yokukhiqiza kanye nokulawulwa kwemishini
Gcina indawo yokukhiqiza ihlanzekile: Uthuli, ukungcola, njll. endaweni yokukhiqiza kungangcolisa umkhiqizo we-silica gel hip pad, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte inani le-pH yawo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina indawo yokukhiqiza ihlanzekile futhi ihlanzekile, ukuyihlanza nokuyibulala amagciwane njalo, futhi kuncishiswe ukuphazamiseka kokungcola kwangaphandle kumkhiqizo.
Sebenzisa imishini yokukhiqiza efanele: Izinto zokwakha kanye nokuhlanzeka kwemishini yokukhiqiza kuzothinta nenani le-pH le-silicone hip pad. Izingxenye zemishini ezithintana ngqo ne-silicone kufanele zenziwe ngezinto ezingagqwali futhi ezingagqwali, njengensimbi engagqwali, ingilazi, njll., ukuze kugwenywe imikhiqizo yokugqwala noma ukungcola ebusweni bemishini ukuthi kungaxubeki ne-silicone. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imishini kufanele ihlanzwe futhi igcinwe njalo ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka nokusebenza okuvamile kwemishini.
V. Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi kanye nezindinganiso zokulawula inani le-pH lama-silicone hip pads
(I) Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi
Misa uhlelo lokuhlola oluphelele: Inkampani kufanele isungule uhlelo lokuhlola ikhwalithi ye-pH oluphelele lwama-silicone hip pads. Kusukela ekuhlolweni kokugcinwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuhlolwa komkhiqizo okuqediwe kancane ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza kuya ekuhlolweni kwefektri komkhiqizo oqediwe, ukuhlolwa okuqinile kwenani le-pH kufanele kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inqwaba ngayinye yemikhiqizo ihlangabezana nobubanzi benani le-pH obubekiwe.
Ukuhlanganisa izindlela eziningi zokuhlola: Ngaphezu kwendlela yemitha ye-pH eshiwo ngenhla kanye nendlela yephepha lokuhlola i-pH, ezinye izindlela zokuhlola ezisizayo, njenge-acid-base titration, zingasetshenziswa futhi ukuqinisekisa inani le-pH lomkhiqizo. Kweminye imikhiqizo ye-silicone hip pad enezidingo ezikhethekile, izinhlangano zokuhlola ezingochwepheshe ezivela eceleni nazo zingaphathiswa ukwenza ukuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukunemba nokulunga kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa.
(II) Amazinga kanye nezincazelo
Izindinganiso zomhlaba wonke: Njengamanje, azikho indinganiso ekhethekile ehlanganisiwe yenani le-pH yemikhiqizo ye-silicone emhlabeni, kodwa kwezinye izindinganiso zomhlaba wonke ezifanele, njengezindinganiso zemikhiqizo yerabha nepulasitiki ekhishwe yi-ISO (International Organisation for Standardization), ezinye izidingo zibekwa phambili zezakhiwo zomzimba kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali zemikhiqizo, ezinye zazo ezihlobene nenani le-pH. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emikhakheni yamadivayisi ezokwelapha kanye nokuxhumana kokudla, kunemithetho eqinile enanini le-pH yemikhiqizo ye-silicone. Isibonelo, i-ISO 10993-5 “Ukuhlolwa kwezinto eziphilayo kwezingxenye 5 zamadivayisi ezokwelapha: Ukuhlolwa kwe-cytotoxicity kwe-in vitro” kudinga izakhiwo zezinto eziphilayo ezifana ne-cytotoxicity yezinto ze-silicone ezisetshenziswa kumadivayisi ezokwelapha lapho zithintana nomzimba womuntu, kanti inani le-pH lingenye yezinto ezithinta i-cytotoxicity, ngakho-ke inani le-pH lezinto ze-silicone lilawulwa ngokungaqondile.
Izindinganiso zikazwelonke: Amazwe ahlukene anezindinganiso zawo zikazwelonke zemikhiqizo ye-silicone njenge-silicone hip pads. Isibonelo, izinga likazwelonke laseShayina i-GB/T 24134-2009 “Ukunqunywa kwezakhiwo zomzimba ze-silicone rubber vulcanizates” lichaza izindlela zokuhlola izakhiwo zomzimba ze-silicone rubber vulcanizates, ezinye zazo ezithintwa yinani le-pH. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kwezinye izindinganiso zemboni njengezindinganiso zemboni yemishini yezokwelapha kanye nezindinganiso zemboni yamathoyizi, izinkomba zekhwalithi njengenani le-pH lemikhiqizo ye-silicone nazo zichazwe ngokucacile ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nokuqina kwekhwalithi yemikhiqizo.
Izindinganiso zemboni kanye nezindinganiso zebhizinisi: Ngaphezu kwezindinganiso zomhlaba wonke kanye nezindinganiso zikazwelonke, ezinye izinhlangano zemboni zizokwakha nezindinganiso zemboni ezihambisanayo ukulawula ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-silicone, okuhlanganisa nokulawulwa kwenani le-pH kanye nezinye izici. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhizinisi ngokwawo angakha nezindinganiso zebhizinisi eziqinile ngokwezimpawu zemikhiqizo yawo kanye nesidingo semakethe, futhi abeke phambili izidingo eziphakeme ngokwezinga lokunemba kokulawulwa kwenani le-pH, imvamisa yokuthola, njll., ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi kanye nokuncintisana kwemakethe kwemikhiqizo.

6. Ukuhlaziywa kwamacala angempela
(I) Icala 1: Ulwazi oluphumelelayo lokulawula inani le-pH lomkhiqizi we-silicone hip pad
Umkhiqizi we-silicone hip pad ubelokhu eqaphela ukulawulwa kwenani le-pH ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza futhi uphumelele kakhulu. Le nkampani kuqala ihlola ngokucophelela izinto zokusetshenziswa futhi isungula ubudlelwano besikhathi eside nobuzinzile bokubambisana nabaphakeli bezinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ze-silicone ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Iqoqo ngalinye lezinto zokusetshenziswa lihlolwa inani le-pH uma lingena efektri ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lingaphakathi kobubanzi obufanele. Ngokuphathelene nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, baqhubeka nokwenza ngcono inqubo yokuxuba kanye ne-vulcanization, futhi ngokulawula okunembile kwamapharamitha enqubo, irabha ye-silicone kanye nama-filler nezinye izithako zixutshwe ngokuphelele nangokulinganayo, kunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-pH okubangelwa ukungalingani kwezingxenye zendawo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxuba, basebenzise uhlelo olukhethekile lokuxuba, futhi ngokungeza inani elifanele le-neutralizer, imikhiqizo ephuma ku-acidic ekhiqizwa yi-vulcanization reaction yahlanganiswa ngempumelelo, ngaleyo ndlela ilawula ngokuzinzile inani le-pH lomkhiqizo phakathi kuka-5.5 no-7.0, okuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-pH zesikhumba somuntu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani iphinde yaqinisa izixhumanisi zokuhlanza nokucubungula ngemuva, isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza be-ultrasonic ukuhlanza ngokuphelele i-silicone hip pad ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhemikhali asele ebusweni nangaphakathi asuswa ngempumelelo. Ngalezi zinyathelo, imikhiqizo ye-silicone hip pad ekhiqizwa yinkampani ithole idumela elihle ezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle, ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ezinzile kanye nesilinganiso sokuvuselela esiphansi, futhi iye yaqashelwa abathengi abaningi bamazwe ngamazwe abathengisa ngobuningi.
(II) Icala 2: Inkampani ithole ingozi yekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngenxa yezinkinga zenani le-pH
Ngokungafani namacala aphumelele ngenhla, omunye umkhiqizi we-silicone hip pad uthole ingozi enkulu yekhwalithi ngenxa yokulawulwa kabi kwe-pH. Ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, inkampani ithenge iqoqo lezinto zokusetshenziswa zerabha ze-silicone zekhwalithi ephansi ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza futhi ayizange yenze ukuhlolwa okuqinile enanini le-pH lezinto zokusetshenziswa. Inqubo yokukhiqiza iholele ekusakazweni okungalingani kwama-fillers erabheni le-silicone, ukugcwala ngokweqile kwama-filler ezindaweni zasendaweni, kanye nokukhishwa kwenani elikhulu lezinto ze-alkaline.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuxuba, umthamo we-vulcanizer awuzange ulawulwe kahle, okwaholela emikhiqizweni ethile ene-acid, futhi inkampani ayizange ithathe izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa ubungozi. Ekugcineni, inani le-pH lama-silicone hip pads akhiqizwayo laliphezulu kakhulu, lifinyelela phakathi kuka-9.0 no-10.0. Ngemva kokuba le mikhiqizo ibekwe emakethe, ngokushesha bathola inani elikhulu lezikhalazo ezivela kubathengi. Abathengi abaningi babike ukuthi isikhumba sabo sasinokulunywa okukhulu, ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala kanye nezinye izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba ngemva kokusebenzisa imikhiqizo. Ngemva kokuhlola, kwatholakala ukuthi inani eliphezulu le-pH lomkhiqizo labhubhisa ibhalansi ye-acid-base yesikhumba. Le ngozi yekhwalithi ilethe ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho kanye nomonakalo wedumela enkampanini, futhi kwadingeka ikhumbule inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo futhi yabhekana nezimangalo zabathengi kanye nenkinga yokuthembana emakethe.

7. Inqubekela phambili yakamuva yocwaningo kanye nezitayela zokulawula i-pH yama-silicone hip pads
(I) Ucwaningo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwabalawuli abasha be-pH
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yemboni yamakhemikhali, ezinye izilawuli ezintsha ze-pH ziye zathuthukiswa kancane kancane futhi zasetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ye-silicone. Lezi zilawuli ezintsha zinokusebenza kahle kokulawula okuphezulu, ukuhambisana okungcono kanye nemiphumela emibi ephansi enobuthi. Isibonelo, ezinye izilawuli ezihlanganisiwe ezisekelwe kuma-organic acid noma izisekelo ze-organic zingafinyelela ukulawulwa okuqondile ngaphakathi kobubanzi be-pH, kuyilapho zingenawo umthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwejeli ye-silica, futhi zingaxazulula ngempumelelo izinkinga zokuhambisana kanye nemiphumela emibi engaba khona ekhwalithini yomkhiqizo engenzeka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwezilawuli zendabuko.
(II) Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula i-pH obuhlakaniphile
Ngosizo lobuchwepheshe bezinzwa obuthuthukisiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, abanye abakhiqizi bejeli ye-silica sebeqalile ukusebenzisa imishini nezinhlelo zokulawula i-pH ezihlakaniphile. Lezi zinhlelo zingaqapha izinguquko ze-pH enqubweni yokukhiqizwa kwejeli ye-silica ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi zilungise ngokuzenzakalelayo inani lezinto ezingeziwe ze-asidi ne-alkali ngokuya ngobubanzi be-pH obusethiwe ukuze kufezwe ukulawulwa kwe-pH okunembile nokuzinzile. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula i-pH obuhlakaniphile akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nokuqina kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kodwa futhi kunciphisa amaphutha okusebenza ngesandla kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza, okumelela isiqondiso sentuthuko yesikhathi esizayo sobuchwepheshe bokulawula i-pH yemikhiqizo yejeli ye-silica.
(III) Ukuhlola izindlela zokulawula i-pH eluhlaza kanye nemvelo
Ngenxa yokwanda kokuqwashisa ngemvelo, izinkampani eziningi seziqalile ukunaka izinkinga zemvelo enqubweni yokulawula i-pH. Abalawuli be-pH bendabuko bangase bakhiqize amanzi angcolile kanye nezinsalela zemfucuza ngemva kokusetshenziswa, okubangela ukungcola okuthile emvelweni. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinkampani seziqalile ukuhlola izindlela zokulawula i-pH eziluhlaza nezinobungani nemvelo, njengokusebenzisa abalawuli be-pH ababolayo kanye nabalawuli abalungiselelwe ngezinsiza ezivuselelekayo ukuze banciphise umthelela emvelweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qinisa ukwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha enqubweni yokukhiqiza, unciphise imfucuza yezinsiza kanye nokungcola kwemvelo, futhi ufeze intuthuko eqhubekayo yokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo we-silicone.

8. Isifinyezo kanye Nombono
Ukulawulwa kwe-pH yama-silicone hip pads kudlala indima ebalulekile kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, impilo yabathengi, kanye nokuncintisana emakethe kwamabhizinisi. Ngokuqonda ngokujulile izici ezithinta i-pH, ukuqonda izindlela zokulinganisa ezinembile, ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulawula ezisebenzayo, kanye nokulandela ngokuqinile amazinga kanye nemininingwane yokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi efanele, amabhizinisi angakhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-silicone hip pad esezingeni eliphezulu ehlangabezana nezidingo, ehlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi bamazwe ngamazwe ngobuningi, futhi awine isabelo semakethe kanye nedumela elihle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe kanye nezidingo ezikhulayo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo, insimu yokulawulwa kwe-pH yama-silicone hip pads nayo ithuthuka futhi isungula izinto ezintsha njalo. Ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko yabalawuli abasha, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula obuhlakaniphile, kanye nokuhlola izindlela zokulawula eziluhlaza nezinobungani nemvelo kulethe amathuba amasha nezinselele ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo kwemboni. Esikhathini esizayo, abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo ye-silicone kufanele banake kakhulu le nqubekela phambili yakamuva yocwaningo kanye nezitayela, futhi baqhubeke nokwenza ngcono ubuchwepheshe babo bokulawula i-pH kanye nezinga lokuphatha ukuze bazivumelanise nezinguquko zemakethe kanye nezemvelo futhi bakhuthaze intuthuko enempilo neqhubekayo yei-silicone hip padimboni.